Sutherland's law
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In 1893 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sutherland_(physicist) William Sutherland], an Australian physicist, published a relationship between the dynamic visocity, <math>\mu</math>, and the absolute temperature, <math>T</math>, of an ideal gas. This formula, often called Sutherland's law, is based on kinetic theory of ideal gases and an idealized intermolecular-force potential. Sutherland's law is still commonly used and most often gives fairly accurate results with an error less than a few percent over a wide range of temperatures. Sutherland's law can be expressed as: | In 1893 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sutherland_(physicist) William Sutherland], an Australian physicist, published a relationship between the dynamic visocity, <math>\mu</math>, and the absolute temperature, <math>T</math>, of an ideal gas. This formula, often called Sutherland's law, is based on kinetic theory of ideal gases and an idealized intermolecular-force potential. Sutherland's law is still commonly used and most often gives fairly accurate results with an error less than a few percent over a wide range of temperatures. Sutherland's law can be expressed as: | ||
- | :<math>\mu = \ | + | :<math>\mu = \mu_{ref} \left( \frac{T}{T_{ref}} \right)^{3/2}\frac{T_{ref} + S}{T + S}</math> |
- | :<math> | + | :<math>T_{ref}</math> is a reference temperature. |
- | :<math>\ | + | :<math>\mu_{ref}</math> is the viscosity at the <math>T_{ref}</math> reference temperature |
:S is the Sutherland temperature | :S is the Sutherland temperature | ||
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Comparing the formulas above the <math>C_1</math> constant can be written as: | Comparing the formulas above the <math>C_1</math> constant can be written as: | ||
- | :<math>C_1 = \frac{\ | + | :<math>C_1 = \frac{\mu_{ref}}{T_{ref}^{3/2}}(T_{ref} + S)</math> |
{| align=center border=1 | {| align=center border=1 |
Revision as of 17:18, 17 May 2007
In 1893 William Sutherland, an Australian physicist, published a relationship between the dynamic visocity, , and the absolute temperature, , of an ideal gas. This formula, often called Sutherland's law, is based on kinetic theory of ideal gases and an idealized intermolecular-force potential. Sutherland's law is still commonly used and most often gives fairly accurate results with an error less than a few percent over a wide range of temperatures. Sutherland's law can be expressed as:
- is a reference temperature.
- is the viscosity at the reference temperature
- S is the Sutherland temperature
Some authors instead express Sutherland's law in the following form:
Comparing the formulas above the constant can be written as:
Gas | ||||
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Air |
References
- Sutherland, W. (1893), "The viscosity of gases and molecular force", Philosophical Magazine, S. 5, 36, pp. 507-531 (1893).